Old Barn on Waste
Managenent's Mesquite Wildlife Management Area
Under construction 9/12/09 but
some info and pictures
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clicking on a photo link to get back here to continue
I think the barn was
a double-crib style. Obviously the
center was the horse-drawn wagon entry and it is perpendicular to
the main roof line as the crib style is described; as opposed to the
transverse crib style. Because it seems to have about 4 rooms or
compartments instead of just two, it would fall int the double instead
of single crib style. Where the barn diverges from these styles
is the additional gable over
the wagon entryway.
There was a stove of some sort in the back left of the barn as
evidenced by a now-patched round stovepipe hole in the left roof.
Construction was German half-timber
framework, using mortise-tenon type
joinng of all structural lumber. There are no metal nails, screws
or plates holding any of the framework together. The hand-hewn
mortise and tenoned timbers are joined using marriage-rule scribes at
the joints, a practice according to references on the web as common
among German immigrants between 1840 and 1880.
Most half-timber construction incorporated the timbers into the exteror
walls but this barn looks to have had a complete wood plank exterior
instead on all main walls. These planks, judging by the gaps in
the square nails that held the
exterior to the framework were about an
inch thick. Some of the exteior plankng is still present on
the
exterior of the small gable over
the wagon entrance, although that
planking might have been thinner than that which covered the main walls.
There is scorching on many of the vertical timbers near the back of the
building. At present, I think that probably was associated with
the bark removal from the timbers prior to use in the barn rather than
a fire from the stove which was located back there, but maybe not.
At least one of the four rooms had a wood floor, at least at some
time inits past.
The barn framework is set on horizontal
timbers which are supported by
short slices of stumps. These stump slices are progressively
taller from back to front to keep the horizontal timbers level.
The stump slices prevented deterioration of the lower framework.
Above the horizontal basal timbers are the load bearing timbers, set in
the half-timber pattern the Germans used in Europe and fastened by the
mortise and tenon style join.. Half-way up the vertical
timbers
are a group of "summer beams". These are mostly or completely
lumber mill wood. However they are also fastened by the mortise
and tenon method. Some
of those joints are set into notches as
this one, and some not, as this one. There is some diagonal
mortise and tenon bracing on a few of the vertical timbers.
Since
the ridgeline is longer than most lumber, horizontal framework
running that direction is spliced, also with mortise and tenon
methods. Summer
beams are also spliced if long. Most pegs holding tenons in
place are in good shape but
a few are backing out such as this
one.
The original planking exterior
was held on with square nails hammered
into horizontal two by fours that in turn were fastened to the timbers
by large spikes. These spikes were pounded in past their flanges
so the planking would fit flush over the spikes. The outside of
the back floored room shows the horizontal
2*4s that held the exterior planking pretty well. Note that
the bottom 2*4 on the side facing the camera is missing now but the
notches it fit into are present. Three other 2*4s are still
present in the photo.
The front right side of the barn had a weather-protected feed trough.
The trough supports are worn smooth from cattle necks. The upper
2*4 support for planking for the weather protection is still in place
but the bottom one is missing and only the notch it went in is
seen. A look at this upper plank support shows what might be the
last scrap of the planking still nailed to it. However the nail
fastening the plank remnant is a modern wire nail. There are a
number of pieces of lumber on the barn that look to have been added or
replaced as part of the continual maintainence the barn probably had
during its history. There are a number of modern nails on the
exterior, most probably were holding later galvanized sheet metal as a
replacement for the original planking. Other modern nails were
just part of the maintainence I suppose. Another sigh of
maintainence might be the curved piece of sheet metal in the bottom of the
feed trough. It was probably an easy effective way to patch
the bottom of the trough when it needed repairs.
The well was just east of the barn.